Collins COBUILD
Collins COBUILD
一些标记的含义
- [+of]: 后接of
- [+ v-ing]: 这里ing 表示的是动名词 还是 现在分词？
- [+ to-inf]: 后接动词不定式 inf - infinitive
/əˈbɪlɪtɪ/
Your ability to do something is the fact that you can do it.
- The public never had faith in his ability to do the job.
- He has the ability to bring out the best in others.
- [+of] the ability of an individual to work in a team.
the ability of someone
have/possess/demonstrate/show/develop an ability
lack/lose an ability
skill and ability
willingness and ability
capability
inability
abroad /əˈbrɔːd/
If you go abroad, you go to a foreign country.
- I would love to go to abroad this year.
- About 65 per cent of the company's sales come from abroad.
go/travel/work/live/move abroad
a trip/ holiday abroad
overseas
ac|cent /ˈæksənt/
Someone who speaks with a particular accent says words in a way that shows which country or part of a country they come from, which social class they belong to.
- He had a slight American accent.
a Scottish/English/northern accent
a thick/heavy/slight accent
ac|com|mo|da|tion /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃən/
uncountable
Accommodation is the buildings or rooms where people live or stay.
[BRIT; in AM, use accomodations]
- The building provides accommodation for 80 students.
- The price includes flights and hotel accommodation.
- Rates are higher for deluxe accomodation.
provide/offer/rent/book/find accommodation
hotel/holiday/temporary/overnight accommodation
self-catering/B&B/half-board accommodation
residential/student accommodation
ac|count /əˈkaʊnt/
An account is a written or spoken report of something that has happened.
- [+of] He gave a detailed account of what happened.
- According to police accounts, Mr and Mrs Hunt were found dead in their kitchen.
an account of something
give/write/publish an account
a full/detailed/brief account
a first-hand/eye-witness/personal account
according to accounts
report, description
act /ækt/
- When you act, you do something for a particular purpose.
- We must act now to stop climate change.
- The company acted quickly to deal with the problem.
- the duty of doctors to act in the best interest of patients.
- If someone acts in a particular way, they behave in that way.
- Call the police if you see anyone acting suspiciously.
- [+ as if] He acted as if he hadn't heard any of it.
- If someone or something acts as a particular thing, they have that role or function.
- [+as] He acted as an advisor to the government.
act as if/like/as something
act on behalf of someone
act quickly/swiftly/alone/independently
act responsibly/decisively/appropriately
act improperly/illegally/suspiciously
act in particular manner/way
act in the interest of someone/something
act in self defence
behave, function
- An act is a thing that someone does.[FORMAL]
- [+of] the act of reading
- He had committed several acts of violence.
action, deed
ac|tion /ˈækʃən/
- uncountable Action is doing something for a particular purpose.
- The government is taking emergency action to deal with the crisis.
- What was needed, he said, was decisive action to halt what he called these savage crimes.
- the only possible course of action
- countable An action is something that you do.
- This action has been totally ineffective.
- We are responsible for our own actions.
take action
demand/require/need action
immediate/urgent/further action
decisive/appropriate/direct action
a plan of action
a course of action
measure, step, deed
ac|tive
- adjective Someone who is active does a lot of things and has a lot of energy.
- Having an active child in the house is very tiring.
- She had a long and active life.
Physically active
an active lifestyle
keep/remain active
healthy and active
fit and active
energetic, mobile
- adjective If some is active in an organization or campaign, they are involved in it, and work hard.
- Smith takes an active role environmental campaigning.
- He is an active member of his local synagogue.
active in something
active in politics/the community
politically active
an active role/part/member
involved
passive
ac|tive|ly
She actively campaigned for the Democrat Party.
[+ v-ing] people actively seeking work
be actively involved
actively participate/campagin
actively seek/pursue/support
ac|tiv|ity /ækˈtɪvɪtɪ/
An activity is something that you speed time doing.
- You can take part in activities from canoeing to bird watching.
- leisure activities such as watching television.
- The child gets into the family routine for daily activies.
- ideas for classroom activities.
take part in/do an activity
a leisure/recreational/social activity
a sporting/outdoor activity
normal/daily activities
pursuit, action, exercise
add /æd/
If you add numbers or amounts together, you calculate their total.
- Banks add all the interest and other charges together.
- [+ together] Two and three added together are five.
Add up means that same as add. - More than a quarter of seven years-olds cannot add up properly.
total
subtract
addtion /əˈdɪʃən/
Addition is the process of calculating the total of two or more numbers.
- The children solve maths problems using simple addition and subtraction.
subtraction
adult /ˈædʌlt, AM əˈdʌlt/(adults)
- An adults is a mature, fully developed person.
- Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult.
- The course is suitable for teenagers and young adults.
a young/healthy/responsible adult
become an adult
an adult and child
group up
child, teenager, adolescent
- Adult means relating to the time when you are an adult, or typical of adult people.
- I've lived most of my adult life in London.
adult life
the adult population
adult education/learners/literacy
adult|hood /ˈædʌlt, AM əˈdʌlt/ (adults)
Adulthood is the state of being an adult.
- Most people catch the illness before they reach adulthood.
early/young adulthood
reach adulthood
childhood, adolescence
ad|vance /ædˈvaːns, -ˈvæns/ (advances, advancing, advanced)
- To advance means to make progress, especially in your knowledge of something.
- Medical technology has advanced considerably.
advance rapidly/greatly/significantly
advance technologically
progress, improve
- An advance in a particular subject or activity is progress in your knowledge of it.
- Scientific advances have transformed our understanding of DNA.
- [+in] Major advances in microsurgery have been made.
an advance in something
technological/medical/scientific advances
a major/significant/great advance
make/represent an advance
development
ad|vanced /ædˈvaːnst, -ˈvænst/
An advanced system, method, or design is modern and has been developed from an earlier version of the same thing.
- The lamp uses advanced technology to produce a very efficient source of light.
- the most advanced optical telescope in the world.
advanced technology/equipment/techniques
technologically/technically advanced
up-to-date, modern, cutting edge
basic, elementary, simple
ad|van|tage /ædˈvaːntɪdʒ, -ˈvæn-/ (advantages)
An advantage is a way in which one thing is better than another.
- [+ of] The great advantage of this technique is the cost.
- [+ over] These weapons have many advantages over existing ones.
the advantage of something
and advantage over something
a big/great/major/huge advantage
a distinct/obvious/added advantage
benefit, strength, merit, positive
disadvantage, drawback, negative
ad|ver|tise /ˈædvətaɪz/ (advertises, advertising, advertised)
If you advertise something such as a product, an event, or a job, you tell people about it in newspapers, on television, or on posters.
- Companies spend a lot of money advertising new products.
- Religious groups are currently not allowed to advertise on television.
advertise for someone
advertise a product/property
advertise a job/vacancy/position
advertise something on television/the internet
advertise something in a newpaper
promote, market
ad|ver|tis|ing /ˈædvətaɪziŋ/
Advertising is the activity of creating advertisements and making sure people see them.
- The company spends a lot of money on advertising.
- The actor starred in an advertising campaign for Versace.
an advertising campaign/agency
the advertising industry
ad|ver|tise|ment /ædˈvɛːtɪsmənt, AM ˌædvəˈtaɪz-/ (advertisements)
An advertisement is an announcement in a newspaper, on television, or on a poster about something such as a product, event, or job.
- [+ for] a television advertisement for cat food.
an advertisement for something
place an advertisement
an advertisement appears somewhere
a television/newspaper advertisement
a full-page advertisement
commercial
ad|vice /ædˈvaɪs/
If you give someone advice, you tell them what you think they should do.
- She has given me some good advice.
- [+ about] Don't be afraid to ask for advice about the course.
- [+ on] Your doctor can offer advice on health and fitness.
advice on/about something
advice from someone
give/offer (someone) advice
provide/ask for/seek/get/receive advice
take/follow someone's advice
good/sound/bad advice
legal/financial/medical/career advice
professional/independent/expert/practical advice
guidance
- He has one piece of advice for investor.
advice for someone
ad|vise /ædˈvaɪz/
- If you advise someone to do something, you tell them what you think they should do.
- [+ to-inf] Health experts advise us to eat five portions of fruit and vegetables a day.
- [+ to-inf] I strongly advise you to accept the offer.
advise against something
strongly advise
recommend
- If an expert advises people on a particular subject, he or she gives them help and information on that subject.
- [+ on] She advises undergraduates on money matters.
- [+ on] Your tutor will be able to advise on suitable courses.
advise on something
ad|vis|er /ædˈvaɪzə/
An adviser is an expert whose job is to give advice to people.
- In Washington, the President and his advisers spent the day in meetings.
- a careers adviser
a financial/legal/economic/political adviser
af|fect /əˈfekt/
If something affects a person or thing, it influences them or causes them to change in some way.
- Nicotine from cigarettes can adversely affect the heart.
- More than seven million people have been affected by drought.
- The new law will directly affect thousands of people.
badly/adversely/directly affect
serious/severely/greatly affect
affect the outcome/quality/performance of something
affect people/everyone
influence, impact
USAGE: affect or effect?
affect 是一个动词，而effect是affect的名词形式。
- Noise in factories can seriously affect worker's health.
- Noise in factories can have a serious effect on worker's health.
age /eidʒ/
- Your age is the number of years that you have lived.
- She has a nephew who is just ten years of age.
- [+ of] At the age of sixteen he qualified for a place at the University of Hamburg
the age of someone
at a young/early age
in middle/old age
the average/minimum age
reach the age of x
retirement/pension age
an age group/range/limit
an age gap/difference
at the age of x
x years of age
- The age of a thing is the number of years since it was made
- [+ of] Everything in the room looks suitable for the age of the building.
- When someone ages, or when something ages them, they seem much older.
- He had always looked so young, but he seemed to have aged in the last few months.
- Worry had aged him.
- An age is a period in history.
- [+ of] the age of steam trains
the age of something
the digital/internet/information age
the modern/Victorian age
era
aged /eɪdʒd/
You use aged followed by a number to say how old someone is.
- Alan has two children, aged eleven and nine.
age|ing /ˈeɪdʒɪŋ/ also aging
- Someone or something that is ageing is becoming old.
- John lives with his ageing mother.
- Ageing aircraft need more frequent safety inspections.
old, elderly
young, new
- Ageing is the process of becoming old.
- Her skin showed signs of ageing.
age group (age groups)
An age group is all the people between two particular ages.
- The research studied the eating habits of people in the 18-25 age group.
in an age group
the x to y age group
the over-x/under-x age group
all/different age groups
the older/younger age group
generation, peer group
agree /əˈgriː/
If you agree with an action or suggestion, you think it is right.
- [+ with] I don't agree with what they're doing.
- [+ with] Not all scientists agree with this view.
agree with something
generally/broadly/totally agree with something
agree with a statement/assessment/finding/view
agree in principle
disagree
ag|ri|cul|ture /ˈægrɪkʌltʃə/
Agriculture is farming and the methods that are used to look after crops and animals.
- The Ukraine is strong both in industry and agriculture.
farming
ag|ri|cul|tur|al /ˌægrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/
- agricultural land
- The price of corn and other agricultural products has increased
agricultural land
an agricultural product/subsidy/worker
the agricultural industry
air /eə/
Air is the mixture of gases which forms the Earth's atmosphere and which we breathe.
- Every living creature needs air to breathe.
- She breathed in the cold air.
- Cars are a major cause of air pollution.
cold/warm/hot air
fresh/clean air
air pollution/quality
alike /əˈlaɪk/
- If two or more things are alike, they are similar.
- The two brothers look very alike.
look/sound alike
similar
different
- Alike means in a similar way.
- They even dressed alike.
- The article makes the false assumption that all men and women think alike.
dress/think alike
similarly
differently
- You use alike after mentioning two or more people, groups, or things in order to emphasize that you are referring to both or all of them.
- The techniques are being used almost everywhere by big and small companies alike.
equally
al|low
- If someone is allowed to do something, it is all right for them to do it.
- [+ to-inf] The children are not allowed to watch violent TV.
- [+ to-inf] The Government will allow them to advertise on radio and television.
- Smoking will not be allowed.
permit, let
forbid
- If you are allowed something, you are given permission to have it or are given it.
- Gifts like chocolates or flowers are allowed.
- He should be allowed the occasional treat.
permit
forbid, ban
- If you allow something to happen, you do not prevent it.
- [+ to-inf] He won't allow himself to fail.
- [+ to-inf] If the soil is allowed to dry out the tree could die.
permit, let
prevent
al|pha|bet
An alphabet is a set of letters in a fixed order which is used for writing the words of a language.
- The modern Russian alphabet has 31 letters.
- By the age of six, most children know the alphabet.
- 'A' is the first letter of the English alphabet.
the Greek/English/Russian alphabet
a letter of the alphabet
al|pha|beti|cal
Alphabetical means arranged according to the normal order of the letters in the alphabetic.
- The names are listed in alphabetical order.
an alphabetical list
in alphabetical order
al|pha|beti|cal|ly
- The catalogue is arranged alphabetically by label name.
list/arrange something alphabetically
al|ter|na|tive
- An alternative is something you can use or do instead of something else.
- [+ to] New ways to treat arthritis may provide an alternative to painkillers.
- This equipment is very expensive and we need to find a cheaper alternative.
an alternative to something
provide/offer an alternative
seek/consider/find an alternative
a good/viable/cheap/safe alternative
- An alternative plan or offer is one that you can use or do instead of the one you already have.
- There were alternative methods of travel avaliable.
- They had a right to seek alternative employment.
other, alternate, different
al|ter|na|tive|ly
You use alternatively to introduce a suggestion or to mention something different to what has just been stated.
- Allow about eight hours for the drive from Calais. Alternatively, you can fly to Brive.
al|though
You use although to introduce a statement which contrasts with something else that you are saying.
- Although I was only six, I can remember seeing it on TV.
- Their system worked, although no one was sure how.
however, even though
amount
The amount of something is how much there is, or how much you have, need, or get.
- [+ of] He needs that amount of money to survive.
- Apricots contain large amounts of vitamin A.
- A certain amount of land is dedicated to roadways and parks
an amount of something
a huge/enormous/large/significant amount of something
a certain/small amount of something
increase/reduce the amount of something
number, quantity, volume
USAGE: amount or number?
- There was only a small amount of water in the glass.
- She was surprised at the large number of students in the class.
an|cient
Ancient means belonging to the distant past, especially to the period in history before the end of the Roman Empir.
- They believed ancient Greece and Rome were vital sources of learning.
an ancient tradition/civilization
an ancient monument/temple/ruin/text
ancient history
an ancient Egyptian/Greek/Chinese thing
modern
an|nounce
If you announce something, you tell people about it publicly or officially.
- [+ that] He will announce tonight that he is resigning from office.
Q: 为什么这里用的是 is resigning ？辞职还能是进行时？正在走程序？ - The company announced plans to sell music over the Internet.
- [+ that] It was announced that the groups have agreed to cease-fire.
announce plans/results/details
announce a deal/agreement/decision
declare
an|nounce|ment
- Sir Robert made his announcement after talks with the President.
- There has been no formal announcement by either government.
make an announcement
a formal/official/public announcement
a surprise announcement
declaration, statement