| helping(auxiliary) verb | Progressive |
|---|
| past | was | driving |
| present | am | driving |
| future | will be | driving |
they express the idea that one event happens before another event.
| one event | another event |
|---|
| Present perfect | | |
没看出来。。。
| Present | Perfect | Progressive | |
|---|
| have | been | driving | this morning |
| Past | Perfect | Progressive | |
|---|
| had | been | driving | stopped |
| Future | Perfect | Progressive | |
|---|
| will have | been | driving | arrive |
An Introduction to Verb Tenses .excalidraw问：present, past, future 指的是动作结束时的时间，那么
动作开始的时间有限制吗？
比如要表述前天上火车，明天到
future perfect progressive 中开始动作是不是一定要是将来发生的？
好像和开始的时间没关系，不管是什么时候开始的，只关注结束时间和持续的时长。
后面表示结束动作用的时态/动词形式是？
| verb tense | | | | |
|---|
| simple past | Did | you | get | last night |
| Simple presetn | Do | you | shower | every day |
| Simple future | are | you | going to study | tonight |
| Past Progressive | What were | you | doing | when I called you last night |
| Present Progressive | What are | you | doing | right now |
| Future Progressive | What will | you | be doing | at midnight on New Year's Eve |
| Past Perfect | Had | you | ever tried | before today |
| Present Perfect | Have | you | ever broken | |
| Future Perfect | Will | you | have gotten | by the time you turn 30 |
| Past perfect progressive | How long had | you | been smoking | before you quit |
| present perfect progressive | How long have | you | been waiting | |
| future perfect progressive | How long will | you | have been working | before you retire? |
- article the: the simple/progressive/... tenses，分类说明时，首次出现前面有the，后续无the。
| word | meaning | 出处 | 含义 |
|---|
| aspect | | | |
| spontaneous/spɔnˈteɪniəs/ | | | |
| consciously/ˈkɔnʃəsli/ | | | |
| internalize | | | |
| recommendation | | | |
| certain | | | |
| occur | | | |
| respond | | | |
| continuous | | | |
| tricky | | | |
| mile | | | |
| choice | | | |
| choose | | | |
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